Enhancing the strength and ductility of network titanium matrix composites by utilizing nano-sized TiB and La₂O₃ distributed at grain boundaries and within grains

Nano-sized TiB_w and La₂O_3p were utilized as reinforcements in titanium matrix composites (TMCs), prepared via Rapid Hot Pressure Sintering (RHPS) and Hot Rolling (HR), significantly enhancing the mechanical properties. The nano TiB_w and La₂O_3p in situ formed a three-dimensional (3D) network architecture distributed on grain boundaries and within grains. Results showed that after HR at 1123 K, the pores were largely eliminated and the grains were refined. The tensile strength of the (TiB_w + La₂O_3p)/Ti composites increased from 580 MPa to 840 MPa, which exhibited excellent hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) hardening and achieved an elongation of 24.9 %. The key factors contributing to the enhanced strength and plasticity of TMCs include grain refinement, oxygen absorption by La₂O_3p that mitigates embrittlement, and effective load transfer that inhibits crack propagation. This novel strategy offers a convenient and controllable approach for refining the microstructure and enhancing the plasticity of TMCs.